Skip to main content

Three-Scenario DCF Valuation

In short

Rigorous discounted cash flow analysis with multiple scenario modelling

A detailed DCF valuation framework that projects a company's future cash flows and discounts them back to today's value. It runs bull, base, and bear scenarios to give you a range of what the stock is truly worth.

This framework builds a discounted cash flow model in the sequence a valuation analyst would: a five-year revenue projection anchored to historical growth and addressable market, free cash flow derived from projected margins and capital intensity, a weighted average cost of capital estimated from the cost of equity and cost of debt, and a terminal value cross-checked between the perpetuity-growth and exit-multiple methods. It then runs bull, base, and bear scenarios with assigned probabilities to produce a probability-weighted fair-value range, shows how the current market price sits relative to that range, and flags which assumptions the conclusion is most sensitive to — the inputs where a small change in estimate moves the valuation the most.

Related concepts

  • DCF ModelImagine a friend promises to pay you $100/year for 10 years. Would you pay $1,000 today? Not quite — money tomorrow is worth less than money today. DCF calculates what future cash flows are worth right now.
  • WACCWACC is the average rate a company pays for all its funding — both equity (shareholders expect returns) and debt (banks charge interest). It's the minimum return a company must earn to create value.
  • Intrinsic ValueThe market price is what people are willing to pay right now. Intrinsic value is an estimate of what the stock is actually worth based on the company's cash flows and assets. If a $40 stock has an estimated intrinsic value of $55, the gap ($15) is what practitioners call the margin of safety.